1. While many urban artists stick to painting murals, one Italian sculptor is bucking the trend with his wonderful works made from an unusual medium.
理由
a. (A) since 作副詞連接詞時，除了表「自從……」外，還可表「因為／既然……」，其後所引導的副詞子句及所修飾的主要子句用一般時態。
• Since Paul is too busy, Larry will have to take on the new project.
因為保羅工作太忙了，所以賴瑞將得承接新專案。
(B) while 作副詞連接詞時可表「雖然」，等於 though 或 although，其所引導的副詞子句通常置於句首，其後加逗點再接主要子句。
• While your idea sounds good, I’m afraid that it won’t work.
雖然你的點子聽起來挺不錯，不過恐怕行不通。
(C) for 可作副詞連接詞，表「因為」，使用時多置於主要子句之後，其前通常置逗點。
• Take an umbrella when you go to Seattle, for it rains frequently there.
你去西雅圖時要帶把傘，因為那裡經常下雨。
(D) 介詞 with 可引導情狀介詞片語，用以補充主詞的附帶狀況，用法為「with + 受詞 + 受詞補語」：若受詞與受詞補語為主動關係，受詞補語用現在分詞，若為被動關係則用過去分詞。
• With Sam coming, you may clock out.
山姆來了，你就可以打卡下班了。
• With your job done, you can leave now.
你工作做完了，隨時都可以離開。
b. 空格位於句首，之後為兩個陳述對比的句子，可知答案應選 (B) While。 2. Andrea Gandini, a native of Rome in his early twenties, has been recognized for his wood carvings of old tree trunks scattered across the city’s landscape.
理由
a. scatter vt. 使分散，散布
• Helen gathered up the toys that were scattered around the room.
海倫收拾好散落在房間裡的玩具。
b. 本空格測試形容詞子句化簡為分詞片語的用法：
在限定修飾的形容詞子句中，若關係代名詞作主詞時，可將該子句化簡成分詞片語。化簡步驟如下：
1) 刪除關係代名詞；2) 之後的動詞變成現在分詞；若動詞為 be 動詞，變成 being 後可省略。
• The dog (which was) dumped on the street found a new home after a week.
那隻被丟在路上的狗在一週後找到了新家。
c. 本句原為 “... his wood carvings of old tree trunks which are scattered across the city’s landscape.”，根據上述化簡原則，可將關係代名詞 which 刪除，be 動詞 are 變成現在分詞 being 後再予以省略，故 (C) scattered 應為正選。 3. He realized that Rome was full of potential canvasses just waiting to be given new life.
理由
a. (A) potential a. 潛在的，可能的
• The earlier you identify potential problems, the sooner you can take action to avoid them.
你愈早發現潛在問題，就能愈快採取行動去避免它們發生。
(B) considerate a. 體貼的
• It’s very considerate of you to lend me a hand in this time of trouble.
你在這困難的時候對我伸出援手真是太體貼了。
(C) artificial a. 人造的，人工的
• Many people prefer wearing clothes made of natural material rather than artificial fiber.
許多人喜歡穿天然布料製成的衣服，而較不喜歡人造纖維製成的衣服。
(D) efficient a. 有效率的
• Occasional relaxation is very important for efficient work.
偶爾放鬆一下對有效率的工作至為重要。
b. 根據語意，甘迪尼開始意識到羅馬充滿許多等待重獲新生的「潛在」素材，故 (A) 項應為正選。 4. This resulted in lots of old stumps that blemish the streets of Rome, which were costly to remove.
理由
a. (A) adapt to N/V-ing 適應……
• Joseph couldn’t adapt to living alone after his wife died.
約瑟夫在他太太過世後無法適應獨居生活。
(B) evolve into... 演變／進化成……
• The company started small, but it has evolved into a worldwide enterprise.
該公司雖然一開始規模很小，現在卻已發展成一家跨國企業。
(C) result in... 造成／導致……
• Thoughtless decisions may result in serious consequences.
欠缺考慮的決定可能造成嚴重的後果。
(D) suffer from... 受……之苦；罹患……
• Sandy suffers from serious allergies when the seasons change.
季節轉換的時候，珊蒂就會飽受嚴重過敏之苦。
b. 根據語意，染病的樹「造成」許多破壞羅馬街道美觀的老樹樁，需花費大筆經費才能將它們移除，故 (C) 項應為正選。 5. By recognizing each formerly living tree as an individual, he hopes to give them some dignity in death and honor each of them with their own headstone of sorts.
理由
a. (A) willingly adv. 樂意，情願地
• Jeff answered all the personal questions from the reporters willingly.
傑夫很樂意回答記者的私人問題。
(B) loyally adv. 忠誠地，忠實地
• Those soldiers have always loyally defended their country.
這些軍人一向忠誠地捍衛國家。
(C) relatively adv. 相對地；相當地
• Paperback books are relatively inexpensive compared to hardcovers.
平裝書跟精裝書比起來相對便宜。
(D) formerly adv. 以前，從前
• The grand hotel was formerly an embassy.
那座宏偉的飯店以前是大使館。
b. 根據語意，藉由將每棵「以前」有過生命的樹視為一個個體，甘迪尼希望能在它們死後給予一些尊嚴，並以勉強算得上是墓碑的作品來個別紀念每一棵樹，故 (D) 項應為正選。 | 
