【你的句子有幾個字】之4:拉長句子的妙方:子句 文/王妍筑、陳恩竹、Simon Frank 企劃/英語島教學實驗室 子句是擴張句子長度的關鍵,它可以分成可以兩種: 獨立子句(independent clauses)與從屬子句(dependent clauses)。 看到從屬子句會讓你想問一堆問題:他到底要幹嘛?所以呢?然後呢? 所以從屬子句就需要一個獨立子句來幫忙他,讓意思完整: While I was talking on the phone, my mom was cooking supper. 我在講電話的時候,我媽媽在煮飯。 Because I arrived late, I missed an important meeting. 因為我遲到,所以錯過一場重要的會議。 Although I've been to his house several times, I still can't remember how to get there. 雖然我去過他家幾次,但我還是記不得怎麼去。 長句的形成主要有三種:「合句」(compound sentence)、「複句」(complex sentence),、「複合句」(complex compound sentence)。合句連結兩個獨立子句,而複句則結合一個獨立子句和一個以上的從屬子句,如此就能視情況加長你的句子。 單句 We shall plan the work. 我們應該計劃一下工作。 合句=獨立子句+獨立子句 We shall plan the work and all work must be done before February. 我們應該計劃一下工作而且所有的工作都要在二月前完成。 複句=獨立子句+附屬連接詞+附屬子句 We shall plan the work because it helps us to work more efficiently. 我們應該計劃一下工作,因為這會幫助我們更有效率。 複合句=合句+複句 We shall plan the work and all work must be done before February because the Spring Festival is around the corner. 我們應該計劃一下工作,而且所有的工作都要在二月前完成,因為春節就要到了。 【合句連接詞:FANBOYS!】 又稱對等連接詞,連結兩個完整的句子。 I tried to go to the bank this afternoon, but I got there after its opening hours. 我這個下午去了銀行但是我到達時銀行已經關門了 He took a taxi, and I walked home. 他叫了一輛計程車,而我走路回家 【附屬連接詞 :擺前擺後都可以】 又稱從屬連接詞,詞彙要比對等連接詞(and, but, or, so, yet…)來得多,但它引導的子句不必放在獨立子句的後方。有時稍微調整從屬子句的位置,可以豐富對話、文章的內容,或強調部分資訊: 〖我到機場時幾乎趕不上班機,雖然我很早就出門了。〗 I got to the airport almost too late to catch my flight even though I left home early. →強調「我幾乎趕不上班機」,但好險趕上班機了。 Even though I left home early, I got to the airport almost too late to catch my flight. →強調「我很早就出門了」,但還是差點來不及(挫折感)。 〖自從我小時候,我就想去泰國。〗 Since I was a young kid, I have wanted to visit Thailand. →強調「從小」。 I have wanted to visit Thailand since I was a young kid. →強調「想去泰國」。 本文收錄於英語島English Island 2017年2月號 訂閱雜誌 |