Washed Up  沖上岸的美


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2015/10/27 第234期 訂閱/退訂看歷史報份直接訂閱
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Washed Up  沖上岸的美
by William Ryan

Alejandro Durán's art transforms trash from around the world into something beautiful, and with a message.
亞歷山卓•杜蘭把來自全世界的垃圾轉變為富有寓意的美麗藝術品。

  Alejandro Durán is an artist with a mission. His passionate purpose is to _(1)_ global attention to a man-made catastrophe, namely the pollution of our oceans. By doing so, he hopes to _(2)_ public awareness and change the way we think about consumption and waste. Durán's studio is a _(3)_ of once-pristine Caribbean coastline, which is part of a large federally protected reserve in Mexico called Sian Ka'an. There, he collects countless small pieces of plastic trash that have washed up on the shore. The artist _(4)_ the ugly debris into fantastic color-based sculptures. These site-specific art installations collectively make up the _(5)_ project that the artist dubbed Washed Up. Durán says he has sorted plastic waste from 50 countries on six continents. Sometimes, he arranges the objects in a creative way that makes it seem like the ocean waves have brought them to the shore. Other times, the artist makes them _(6)_ natural objects, such as algae, fish, and fruits. In this way, Durán makes the point that our natural environment, no matter _(7)_ undeveloped, is never safe from the severe impact of global consumerism. Sian Ka'an is _(8)_ to be a global treasure, not a storehouse for the world's trash. Home to numerous flora and fauna, this UNESCO World Heritage Site contains 20 pre-Columbian archaeological sites. It also boasts the world's second-largest coastal barrier reef.
  Washed Up underscores with urgency the man-made _(9)_ to the global environment. Humans produce so much consumer waste that most species of marine life have been
_(10)_ affected, and waste management and disposal has seemingly become a major international industry. Albert Einstein once famously said that to solve a problem, something must change. Few would argue over that.
(A) raise (B) adversely (C) how (D) draw (E) supposed
(F) converts (G) resemble (H) stretch (I) threat (J) ongoing



 
  1. His passionate purpose is to draw global attention to a man-made catastrophe, namely the pollution of our oceans.
    他那強烈的使命即是引起全世界對一種人為災難的關注,也就是海洋汙染。
    理由:
    a. 本題測試以下固定用法:
    draw / attract / catch sb's attention 吸引某人的注意
    同: draw / attract / catch the attention of sb
    Stacy tried to draw Doug's attention by wearing a short red skirt.
    史黛西穿上漂亮的紅短裙試圖吸引道格的注意。
    b. 根據上述用法,(D) 項應為正選。
  2. By doing so, he hopes to raise public awareness and change the way we think about consumption and waste.
    藉由此行動,他希望能喚起大眾的意識,並且改變我們對消費及廢棄物的看法。
    理由:
    a. 本題測試以下固定用法:
    raise (public) awareness  喚起(大眾的)意識/注意
    (常與介詞 of 或 about 並用)
    The purpose of this ad is to raise awareness about the vulnerability of the elderly.
    這則廣告的目的在喚醒人們對老人虛弱的注意。
    *vulnerability n. 虛弱
    b. 根據上述用法,(A) 項應為正選。
  3. Durán's studio is a stretch of once-pristine Caribbean coastline...
    杜蘭的工作室就是一段曾經是未經開發的加勒比海海岸線……
    理由:
    a. 空格前有不定冠詞 a,空格後有介詞 of,得知空格內應置單數名詞。
    b. 選項中為單數名詞的有(H) stretch(一片區域)及 (I) threat(威脅),惟根據語意,(H) 項應為正選。
    c. stretch n.(地域或水域的)一片,一塊
    The horse was standing in a stretch of open field.
    那匹馬站在一片廣闊的田野當中。
  4. The artist converts the ugly debris into fantastic color-based sculptures.
    這位藝術家將醜陋的殘骸碎片轉變成以色彩為基調的奇幻雕塑作品。
    理由:
    a. 本題測試以下固定用法:
    convert A into B  把 A 轉變成 B
    同: transform / change / turn A into B
    The land owner converted the old house into a hotel.
    地主將這棟舊屋改建成一家旅館。
    b. 根據上述用法,(F) 項應為正選。
  5. These site-specific art installations collectively make up the ongoing project that the artist dubbed Washed Up.
    這些因地制宜的裝置藝術共同組成了這項仍持續進行中的計劃,該藝術家將這項計劃稱為《沖上岸的美》。
    理由:
    a. 空格前有定冠詞 the,空格後有名詞 project(計劃),得知空格內應置形容詞以修飾 project。
    b. 選項中為形容詞的有(E) supposed(假定的)及 (J) ongoing(進行的),惟根據語意,(J) 項應為正選。
    c. ongoing a. 進行中的
    There is an ongoing debate about legalizing gambling.
    有關賭博合法化的辯論目前仍持續進行中。
    *legalize vt. 使合法化
  6. Other times, the artist makes them resemble natural objects, such as algae, fish, and fruits.
    有時候,該藝術家會將它們排列成如海藻、魚和各種水果等的大自然產物。
    理由:
    a. make / have / get 可作使役動詞,使役動詞就是一種命令某人從事某件事的動詞,加了受詞後,可用原形動詞或不定詞片語(to + 原形動詞)作受詞補語。茲分類敘述如下:
    make / have + 受詞 + 原形動詞 叫……做……
    get + 人 + to + 原形動詞  叫某人做……
    Brad's father made him paint the house.
    布萊德的父親叫他漆房子。
    The boss had the secretary type out the letter for him.
    老闆叫祕書幫他打那封信。
    Dad got me to wash the car for him.
    老爸叫我幫他洗車。
    b. 空格前有使役動詞 makes 及受詞 them,得知空格內應置原形動詞。選項中為原形動詞的僅剩 (G) resemble(像),置入後亦符合語意,故為
    正選。
    c. resemble vt. 像,與……相似
    同: look like...
    After the massive earthquake, the city resembled a battlefield.
    在那場強烈地震過後,整座城市好似戰場一般。
  7. In this way, Durán makes the point that our natural environment, no matter how undeveloped...
    利用這種方法,杜蘭強調,我們的自然環境無論有多麼原始……
    理由:
    a. 表『不管/不論……』的副詞連接詞,可用 "no matter + 疑問詞" 來表示,常見的尚有下列:
    no matter what = whatever 不管/不論什麼
    no matter who = whoever 不管/不論誰
    no matter how = however 不管/不論如何
    No matter how nice Al is, I still don't like him.
    = However nice Al is, I still don't like him.
    不論艾爾有多好,我仍然不喜歡他。
    b. 由於 how 是疑問副詞,因此在 no matter how 所引導的副詞子句中可修飾動詞、形容詞或副詞,且當其修飾形容詞或副詞時,須將該形容詞或副詞往前移位,置 how 之後,使 how 直接修飾該形容詞或副詞。
    c. 選項中符合上述的僅有 (C) how(如何),置入後亦符合語意,故為正選。
  8. Sian Ka'an is supposed to be a global treasure, not a storehouse for the world's trash.
    西安卡恩理應是一片世界珍寶,而不是全世界垃圾的儲藏室。
    理由:
    a. 本題測試以下固定用法:
    be supposed to V  應該??(語氣比 should 委婉些)
    Jenny was supposed to meet me at eight o'clock, but she didn't show up.
    珍妮應該要在八點和我碰面,但她卻沒有出現。
    b. 根據上述用法,(E) 項應為正選。
  9. Washed Up underscores with urgency the man-made threat to the global environment.
    《沖上岸的美》迫切凸顯出人類對全球環境所造成的威脅。
    理由:
    a. 空格前有形容詞 man-made(人為的),得知空格
    內應置名詞以被 man-made 修飾。
    b. 選項中為名詞的僅剩(I) threat(威脅),置入後亦符合語意,故為正選。
    c. threat n. 威脅(常與介詞 to 並用)
    The supervisor saw the new manager as a threat to his position.
    那位主管把新來的經理視為他職位上的一大威脅。
  10. Humans produce so much consumer waste that most species of marine life have been adversely affected...
    人類製造許多消費性廢棄物,因此大多數海洋物種的生存皆已受到負面影響……
    理由:
    a. 空格前有表被動語態的現在完成式 have been,空格後有過去分詞 affected(受到影響),得知空格內應置副詞以修飾 affected。
    b. 選項中為副詞的僅有 (B) adversely(不利地;相反地),置入後亦符合語意,故為正選。
    c. adversely adv. 不利地;相反地
    Undoubtedly, some managers will react adversely to this approach.
    毫無疑問,有些經理將對這個方法持相反意見。

federally adv. 聯邦地
site-specific a. 因地制宜的
installation n. 裝置藝術
collectively adv. 共同地;全體地
algae n. 海藻(複數)
衍: alga n. 海藻(單數)
consumerism n. 消費主義
storehouse n. 倉庫
flora n. 植物群
fauna n. 動物群
archaeological a. 考古學的
underscore vt. 強調,重視

  1. wash up... / wash... up  (海浪)把……沖上岸邊
    An empty boat was washed up by the tide.
    一艘空蕩蕩的船隻被海水沖上岸來。
  2. argue over...  就(事)而爭論
    衍: argue with...  與(人)爭論
    Please don't argue over such trivial matters.
    請別為了這些微不足道的事情爭辯。
    *trivial a. 瑣碎的
    Don't argue with me, son. Just do as you are told.
    別和我爭論,兒子。只要照我說的去做就好。
  1. passionate a. 有強烈感情的,熱愛的
    衍: be passionate about...  對……熱愛
    Harry is passionate about cooking and prepares most of his meals at home.
    哈利熱愛烹飪,他幾乎都是自己在家中煮飯。
  2. catastrophe n. 災難
    同: calamity n.
  3. namely dv. 也就是
    The policy changes may lead to some problems, namely a recession and higher unemployment rates.
    政策的變更可能會造成一些問題,即不景氣以及較高的失業率。
  4. pristine a. 未經開發的;原始的
  5. reserve n. 保護區
  6. plastic a. 塑膠的;整形的 & n. 塑膠
    衍: a plastic bag  塑膠袋
    plastic surgery  整形手術
    Many stores no longer give customers plastic bags for the sake of environmental protection.
    為了環保的緣故,許多商店不再提供塑膠袋給顧客了。
    *for the sake of...  為了……的緣故
    I'm against plastic surgery unless it's done for medical purposes.
    除非是為了醫療目的,否則我反對整形手術。
  7. debris n. 殘骸,廢墟;碎片(不可數)
    The church was reduced to a pile of debris in the earthquake.
    該座教堂在那次地震中化為一片廢墟。
    *be reduced to sth  淪為/化成某物
  8. dub vt. 把……稱作
    The single was dubbed the best song of the decade by an online poll.
    這首單曲被網路票選為十年排行榜的冠軍。
  9. sort vt. 分類,整理
    衍: sort of...  有點/有幾分……
    = kind of...
    Linda sorted her documents into two piles.
    琳達把她的文件分成兩疊。
    The movie is sort of boring.
    這部電影有點無聊。
  10. heritage n. 遺產
  11. boast vt.(某城市/國家等地方)擁有(好的事物或特徵)& vi. 誇耀,吹噓
    衍: boast of / about...  誇耀/自誇……
    That island boasts one of the world's rarest birds.
    那座島嶼擁有世界上最罕見的一種鳥類。
    I don't like John because he always boasts about how rich he is.
    我不喜歡約翰,因為他老愛吹噓他多有錢。
  12. barrier reef n. 堡礁
  13. disposal n. 處理;支配
    衍: at sb's disposal  由某人支配
    The disposal of hazardous waste is a matter of urgency.
    危險廢棄物的處理是一件刻不容緩的問題。
    There will be a car and driver at your disposal during your stay.
    你在這裡停留的期間會有一部車及一名司機供你支配。
  14. seemingly adv. 表面上,看似

沖上岸的美
亞歷山卓•杜蘭把來自全世界的垃圾轉變為富有寓意的美麗藝術品。
  亞歷山卓•杜蘭是一位肩負使命的藝術家。他那強烈的使命即是引起全世界對一種人為災難的關注,也就是海洋汙染。藉由此行動,他希望能喚起大眾的意識,並且改變我們對消費及廢棄物的看法。杜蘭的工作室就是一段曾經是未經開發的加勒比海海岸線,該海岸線位於墨西哥,它是聯邦政府廣大保護區中的一部份,名為西安卡恩。他在那裡蒐集了無數被海水沖上岸的小型塑膠垃圾。這位藝術家將醜陋的殘骸碎片轉變成以色彩為基調的奇幻雕塑作品。這些因地制宜的裝置藝術共同組成了這項仍持續進行中的計劃,該藝術家將這項計劃稱為《沖上岸的美》。杜蘭表示,他已把來自六大洲五十個國家的塑膠廢棄物進行歸類。他有時會將這些物品以創意的方式排列,讓這些物品看似被海浪沖上岸一樣。有時候,該藝術家會將它們排列成如海藻、魚和各種水果等的大自然產物。利用這種方法,杜蘭強調,我們的自然環境無論有多麼原始,絕對無法免於全球消費主義的嚴重衝擊。西安卡恩理應是一片世界珍寶,而不是全世界垃圾的儲藏室。這個聯合國教科文組織的世界遺產地是眾多動植物的發源地,涵蓋二十個前哥倫布時期的考古遺址。它也擁有世界第二大的沿岸堡礁。
  《沖上岸的美》迫切凸顯出人類對全球環境所造成的威脅。人類製造許多消費性廢棄物(編按:指顧客或消費者所購買、使用並拋棄的物質。),因此大多數海洋物種的生存皆已受到負面影響,而廢棄物管理與處置已儼然成為一項主要的國際性產業。阿爾伯特•愛因斯坦曾說過一句名言,為了解決一項問題,某些事情必須有所改變。幾乎沒有人會對這個說法有爭議。
答案: 1. D 2. A 3. H 4. F 5. J 6. G 7. C 8. E 9. I 10. B

 
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