Vigilante Justice Rises in Haiti and Crime Plummets 自警正義在海地崛起 犯罪驟降


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2023/07/28 第443期 訂閱/退訂看歷史報份
 
 
紐時周報精選 Vigilante Justice Rises in Haiti and Crime Plummets 自警正義在海地崛起 犯罪驟降
For Ukraine Military, Far-Right Russian Volunteers Make for Worrisome Allies 新納粹俄國民兵助陣 烏克蘭左「右」為難
紐時周報精選
 
Vigilante Justice Rises in Haiti and Crime Plummets 自警正義在海地崛起 犯罪驟降
文/Frances Robles , Andre Pault
譯/周辰陽

自警正義在海地崛起 犯罪驟降

The 14 presumed gang members under arrest were arriving at a police station in Haiti's capital when a group of people overpowered the police, rounded up the suspects outside and used gasoline to burn them alive.

被認定是幫派分子的14人被捕後送到海地首都一處警察局,一群人制伏了警察,將嫌犯驅趕到外面,用汽油活活燒死他們。

The gruesome executions April 24 marked the start of a brutal vigilante campaign to reclaim the streets of the capital, Port-au-Prince, from gangs that have inflicted terror on Haitians for nearly two years.

4月24日的恐怖處決標誌一場殘酷義警運動的起點,要從幫派手中收復首都太子港的街道,這些幫派對海地人施加恐懼將近兩年。

In a nation wracked by extreme poverty and violence, civilians have taken up arms and killed at least 160 people believed to be gang members in the six weeks since a citizens "self-defense" movement known as "bwa kale" kicked off its vigilantism with the brazen police station attack, according to data gathered in a new report by a prominent Haitian human rights group.

根據一個知名海地人權團體新報告收集的數據,在這個受到極端貧困和暴力嚴重傷害的國家,自從名為bwa kale的平民「自衛」運動用明目張膽的警局攻擊開始其義警行為以來,平民拿起武器,6周內殺死了至少160名據信是幫派分子的人。

The result: a sharp drop in kidnappings and killings attributed to gangs in neighborhoods where people told The New York Times they had been afraid to leave their homes.

結果:一些社區由幫派犯下的綁架跟殺人案急遽下降,當地民眾告訴紐約時報,他們原本不敢離開自家。

The outbreak of mob justice is worrisome, Haiti experts say, because it could easily be used to target people who have nothing to do with gangs and could lead to an explosion of even worse violence if the gangs seek retribution.

海地專家表示,暴民正義的爆發令人擔憂,因為這可輕易被用於鎖定跟幫派無關的人們,幫派若尋求報復,可能導致更嚴重暴力遽增。

That it took a movement of self-appointed vigilantes to bring some semblance of calm to parts of Port-au-Prince underscores the chaos engulfing a country where no president has been elected in two years, and underpaid and outgunned police have fled in large numbers.

太子港部分地區經過自封為義警的運動才帶來一些平靜表象,凸顯出吞噬這個國家的混亂。當地2年來沒有選出總統,薪水過低與火力不足的警察大量逃離。

Even as vigilantes set people ablaze and set up checkpoints, many Haitians support them and consider them a natural consequence of an acute power vacuum.

即使義警放火燒人並設立檢查哨,許多海地人支持他們,並認為他們是嚴重權力真空的自然結果。

Nearly two years ago, the last elected president, Jovenel Moïse, was assassinated in his home and replaced by an interim prime minister widely viewed as inept. Elections have not been held since the assassination, and the Caribbean nation of 11 million people has no remaining elected officials. The acting prime minister, Ariel Henry, appealed last year for outside intervention, but efforts by the United States and other nations to mount an international contingent have stalled, largely because no country wants to lead it.

將近2年前,最後的民選總統摩依士在家中被暗殺,由一個被公認無能的臨時總理取代。刺殺案以來選舉一直沒有舉行,這個1100萬人口的加勒比海國家已沒有剩餘的民選官員。代理總理亨利去年懇求外部干預,但美國與其他國家組織國際部隊的努力已停滯,主要是因為沒有國家想要領導。

 
For Ukraine Military, Far-Right Russian Volunteers Make for Worrisome Allies 新納粹俄國民兵助陣 烏克蘭左「右」為難
文/Valerie Hopkins
譯/高詣軒

新納粹俄國民兵助陣 烏克蘭左「右」為難

A group of fighters aligned with Ukraine, who had participated earlier last month in the most intense fighting inside Russia's borders since the invasion, gathered the foreign and local press in an undisclosed location Wednesday to celebrate, to taunt the Kremlin and to show off what they called "military trophies" from their incursion into their native land: Russia.

一群和烏克蘭站在同一陣線的戰士,上個月參與了俄軍入侵以來俄國境內最激烈的戰事。他們周三將外國和當地媒體聚集到一處祕而不宣的地點慶祝,並譏嘲克里姆林宮,也誇耀他們從入侵母國俄羅斯的行動中取得他們所稱的「軍事戰果」。

Their leader, Denis Kapustin, was proud that his force of anti-Putin Russians at one point controlled, he said, 42 square kilometers of Russian territory.

他們的領袖卡普斯京表示,旗下的俄裔反普亭部隊一度掌控42平方公里俄國領土,對此感到自豪。

"I want to prove that it's possible to fight against a tyrant," he said. "That Putin's power is not unlimited, that the security services can beat, control and torture the unarmed. But as soon as they meet a full armed resistance, they flee."

「我想要證明,起兵對抗暴君是可行之舉」,他說,「普亭的權力並非無邊無際;維安部隊可以打壓、控制和折磨手無寸鐵的人民,但一旦他們面臨全副武裝的回擊,就會溜之大吉」。

It was the rhetoric of a dissident freedom fighter, but there was a discordant note that emerged as clearly as the neo-Nazi Black Sun patch on the uniform of one of the soldiers: Kapustin and prominent members of the armed group he leads, the Russian Volunteer Corps, openly espouse far-right views.

這套說詞出自一名異議的自由鬥士,但一種違和的音調卻也從中浮現,就和其中一名軍人制服縫上的新納粹符號「黑太陽」標誌一樣清楚可見:卡普斯京和其領導的武裝團體「俄羅斯志願軍」重要成員,公然擁護極右派觀點。

Kapustin, who has long used the alias Denis Nikitin but typically goes by his military call sign, White Rex, is a Russian citizen who moved to Germany in the early 2000s. He associated with a group of violent soccer fans and later became, "one of the most influential activists" in a neo-Nazi splinter group in the MMA scene, officials in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia have said.

卡普斯京長期使用別名尼基丁,但通常以其作戰稱號「白王」為人所知,本身是俄國公民,在2000年代初期遷居德國。他曾和一群暴力足球迷有所關連,而根據德國北萊因-西伐利亞邦官員指出,他後來在綜合格鬥界的一個新納粹派系團體中,成了「最具影響力的活躍人士之一」。

Kapustin has reportedly been banned from entering Europe's visa-free, 27-country Schengen zone, but he has said only that Germany canceled his residency permit.

卡普斯京據稱被歐洲27國組成的免簽證申根區禁止入境,但他只表示,德國取消了他的居留許可。

The fact that the group has garnered attention for its operation and revived coverage of the group's ties to neo-Nazis is an awkward development for Ukraine's government, particularly since President Vladimir Putin of Russia has justified his invasion on the false claim of fighting neo-Nazis and made it a regular theme of Kremlin propaganda.

該團體因作戰行動大受矚目,而他們與新納粹的關係也被重新起底報導,對烏克蘭政府來說算是尷尬的事態,尤其因為俄國總統普亭正是假藉對抗新納粹分子之名,使其侵略行動正當化,並作為克里姆林宮宣傳活動的固定主題。

Ukraine has denied any involvement in the Russian Volunteer Corps or any role in fighting on the Russian side of the border. But Kapustin said that his group "definitely got a lot of encouragement" from Ukrainian authorities.

烏克蘭已否認和俄國志願軍有所牽連,也否認涉入任何俄國境內作戰,但卡普斯京表示他的團體從烏克蘭當局「確實得到許多鼓勵」。

Kapustin, who in addition to speaking Russian speaks fluent English and German, told reporters he did not think being called "far right" was an "accusation."

卡普斯京除了會說俄文,英文和法文也很流利。他告訴記者,並不認為被稱作「極右派」是種「指控」。

"We have never concealed our views," he said. "We are a right, conservative, military, semipolitical organization."

「我們從來不會隱瞞自身觀點」,他說,「我們是個右派、保守、半政治軍事組織」。

 
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